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Do you have a high copper to zinc ratio?

Is your Anxiety or PMS caused by high Copper to zinc ratio?

Copper and zinc are two important minerals in our body and required for a multitude of functions and processes. Zinc (Zn) deficiency and copper (Cu) excess are common clinical scenarios in both Australia and worldwide causing a high copper to zinc ratio.

A high Copper to Zinc ratio (Cu/Zn) can cause a range of detrimental health effects including growth and mental abnormalities, increased age degeneration, contribute toward cancer progression and increase oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease risks.

Both copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are antagonistic to each other, meaning the more of one element you retain the less of the other you will have in your body. The ratio between copper and zinc is a fine balance and one that is commonly being tipped toward copper in modern society to the detriment of our health.

Copper Excess

Excess copper is far more common that Cu deficiency in Australia. Highly farmed lands are often high in Cu and low in Zn, water pipes, drinking water, pesticide residue and Cu added to animal feedlots are all forms of exposure that over time artificially increase our levels of this mineral.

On the other hand, Zn is estimated to be deficient in over 50% of the population despite it being supposedly available in many foods. Again, poor farming methods and low quality food, nutrient imbalances with high Cu, low stomach acid reducing the adsorption of Zn and metabolic processes that use up our Zn stores leaving us low are all common reasons many of us are Zn deficient.

Physical low Zn signs include slow healing wounds, dry and poor quality skin, white spots on finger nails, poor smell and taste and an intolerance to loud sounds.

Symptoms of High Copper and low Zinc

• Anxiety, panic attacks, general inner tension
• Despair and depression
• Fatigue
• Hypothyroid symptoms (cold hands and feet, brain fog, dry skin)
• Overly sensitive, obsessive thinking
• insomnia, interrupted sleep
• PMS
• Fluctuating blood sugar causing cravings
• Mood swings, Paranoia
• Constipation
• Racing heart / palpitations
• Adverse reaction to vitamins and minerals ( due to copper dumping from the supplements )
• Poor attention span / spacey feeling
• Eating disorders (anorexia, bulimia, overeating)
• Yeast infections (candida and fungus)
• Cramping and body aches

Conditions associated with high Copper to Zinc ratio

Excess Copper is associated with a range of mental and behavioural disorders, it can contribute to the symptoms of depression, panic attacks, anxiety, fearfulness, excessive anger and schizophrenia.

Other conditions associated with excess copper include premenstrual syndrome (PMS), gallstones, viral infections, scoliosis, yeast and fungus overgrowth. Viral, yeast and fungal infections all thrive in a high Cu and low Zn environment. Viral infections lower a person’s metabolic rate promoting the retention of copper.

A low zinc level is involved with sleep disturbances, depression and other mood disorders. Zinc is required in both the production of melatonin and serotonin. Without adequate zinc we cannot create sufficient levels of these to allow for restful sleep and a well-balanced stable mood. A low level of zinc is also associated with various skin conditions, sickle cell anaemia, diabetes and anorexia.

In relation to PMS, as the copper levels rise within the body so does estrogen. Low levels of Zn cause imbalances with progesterone, testosterone and further compound the increase in estrogen that Cu causes.

Pyrrole disorder is a common condition that highlights many of the mood related symptoms outlined above. Pyrrole disorder causes a deficiency of both Zn and B6, another vitamin crucial in neurotransmitter support. Pyrrole disorder sufferers almost always have excess Cu and require ongoing Zn and B6 supplementation. It is estimated at least 10% of children have pyrrole disorder and as high as 30-40% of the population that suffers from mental disorders.

We regularly deal with clients with Pyrrole disorder and others than have elevated Cu levels. More information on pyrrole disorder and a symptom checklist, please follow this link.

Studies – Behavioural Disorders in Children

A number of studies have been performed on kids with elevated Cu levels and their mood, attention and learning ability. One study focused on a group of 49 young children with an average age of 10.

The study found that the children with aggressive behavioural disorders all had a high Cu/Zn ratio when compared to a control group of similar aged children without behavioural disorders.

The study also found that those children with the most violent and disruptive behavioural patterns had the highest Cu/Zn ratios in the group. (1)

Furthermore, four separate outcome studies were conducted where nutrient therapy was administered to children with behavioural disorders. Biochemical nutrient therapy focuses on restoring nutritional balance with vitamins, minerals and amino acids such as zinc, vitamin B6, magnesium, methionine and vitamins C and E.

The four outcome studies found that out of the 207 participants, 88% of the people reported a reduced frequency of destructive behaviour and 53% of these had totally eliminated their destructive behaviours. (2)

In addition, a high Cu/Zn ratio was found to be linked to heavy metal accumulation and found to be a possible biomarker in those with autism spectrum disorder. When zinc levels are depressed, opportunistic heavy metals accumulate in the brain and body causing a wide range of adverse symptoms. (3)

Studies – Advanced Aging and Degenerative disease

A study was conducted on 81 healthy and 62 unwell individuals in their 90’s who were affected by chronic degenerative disease. The purpose was to assess the effect of a high Cu/Zn ratio on aging and age related degenerative disease by measuring the blood content of copper and zinc. The serum Cu/Zn ratio were found to be all significantly higher in the elderly with chronic degenerative disease over the elderly without.

The study concluded that there is a strict relationship between copper and zinc and the systemic oxidation and ageing of the body. Furthermore, it was suggested that a high Cu/Zn ratio be a useful predictive biomarker for poor health in the elderly. (4)

Another study also measured the plasma Cu/Zn ratio and measured various inflammatory markers of 498 people aged between 20 and 60. Subjects with cardiovascular disease all had higher plasma Cu/Zn ratios than those without, mainly due to increased plasma Cu.

In other subjects, most of the age related health decline appeared to be from a progressive decline in plasma Zn levels. The study highlights the importance of the levels of zinc in the body and the detrimental health effects when the Cu/Zn ratio is high. (5)

The role of both zinc and copper are of the utmost importance. Zinc is essential for healthy immune function, the reproductive system, normal growth and development and a range of other functions. It is also a major mineral for hormone production and is a copper antagonist.

Copper is required for a healthy nervous system, bones, joints, skin, blood vessels, mood regulation and myelin sheath formation. When levels become too high, particularly when zinc is low, toxic effects on the body can be observed.

Zinc is commonly low when copper is high as copper has a strong antagonistic effect on zinc. This imbalance appears to play a contributing role in many mental diseases including schizophrenia, anxiety, depression, ADD, as well as many other degenerative diseases related to oxidative stress including advanced ageing and cardiovascular disease.

Cancer formation can be found within studied patients that had high Cu/Zn ratios, again suggesting the oxidative and biochemical disruption high Cu/Zn has on the body.

Functional Testing

If some of the above symptoms resonate with you of your family members, it would be wise to have your Cu and Zn levels tested. Common blood test result ranges that are considered ok are not sufficient to go by, the amount of Cu in relation to zinc and ceruloplasmin is required to be calculated. Ceruloplasmin, a copper transport protein, should also be tested at the same time that Cu and Zn blood levels are taken to able to calculate the amount of unbound copper in the system.

We also commonly use a hair mineral analysis or other spectrometry scan to assist in giving a full mineral profile and a longer term picture as mineral levels are transient in the blood. It would be wise to work with a functional practitioner who understands this imbalance, knows the particulars of pyrrole disorder, excess copper syndrome, the consequences of copper dumping and can correctly interpret your blood and hair results.

We offer free complimentary 10 minute phone consult to all new clients that would like to discuss their health goals or concerns and we are well versed in treating the effects of high copper.

My full critical analysis paper on the effects of a high Cu/Zn ratio that was published and presented at the Western Australian Symposium of Neuroscience, held by Curtin University in June 2017 can be found here on the Naturopath Life website.

References

1. Walsh W. Elevated Blood Copper/Zinc Ratios in Assaultive Young Males [Internet]. 1st ed. 1996 [cited 15 November 2016]. Available from: http://www.hriptc.org/pdfs/Elevated%20Blood%20Cu%20and%20Zn%20Ratios%20in%20Assaultive%20Young%20Males.pdf 11. Walsh W. Reduced violent behavior following biochemical therapy [Internet]
2. Walsh Institute. 2016 [cited 15 November 2016]. Available from: http://www.walshinstitute.org/uploads/1/7/9/9/17997321/walshbehaviorpaper6-04_1_.pdf 12
3. The plasma zinc/serum copper ratio as a biomarker in children with autism spectrum disorders: Biomarkers: Vol 14, No 3 [Internet]. Tandfonline.com. 2016 [cited 15 November 2016]. Available from: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13547500902783747?scroll=top&needAccess=true
4. Copper/zinc ratio and systemic oxidant load: effect of aging and aging-related degenerative diseases [Internet]. Sciencedirect.com. 2016 [cited 15 November 2016]. Available from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0891584998001099
5. Malavolta M, Giacconi R, Piacenza F, Santarelli L, Cipriano C, Costarelli L et al. Plasma copper/zinc ratio: an inflammatory/nutritional biomarker as predictor of all-cause mortality in elderly population. 2016. Available from : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19821050

7 ways to overcome Adrenal Fatigue

Adrenal Fatigue is an endocrine disorder that effects millions of people worldwide and without guidance it can be difficult to overcome. It is a condition that slowly creeps up on us as the additional stresses accumulate and take their toll. I’m not just talking about the stress most of us generally think of such as work or family pressures, these obviously play a key part too, but there are many other stressors that contribute to our overall stress picture that are often overlooked.

Poor eating habits, processed white flour and sugar products, smoking, excess alcohol and coffee, lack of nutritious food, wound healing, emotional upsets, allergies, underlying viral infections, environmental toxins, financial pressures, lack of relaxation, fear and anxiety, negative beliefs and doing the daily grind in a job we hate are all things that add to our stress load and put pressure on the adrenal glands.

Adrenal fatigue can hit at any time and can slowly creep up on us, other times it comes upon us after a major traumatic event such as a loss of a loved one, car accident, major relationship breakup, redundancy etc. Another common cause that is often missed is the presence of a chronic infection or virus.

Many people live with chronic infections and viruses every day and have no idea that these are a common cause of seemingly unrelated illness such as adrenal fatigue and thyroid conditions. I talk more about this is another blog Root causes of Thyroid Disease. Respiratory and sinus infections are common in people suffering from adrenal fatigue as are other more stealth type infections such as Epstein Barr Virus (EBV), Lyme disease, parasites and yeast.

4 Stages of Adrenal Fatigue

There are four main stages of adrenal fatigue, many of us are already in stage one or two and may not even know it and just put up with the general fatigue as an aging or overworked consequence. Did you feel this tired 5 years ago even though you did a lot more and went out a lot more?

Stage 1 –Fight of flight

The first stage of adrenal fatigue is where stressors begin to build up and your body is alarmed by bombardment of stress, your body starts to react strongly by producing anti-stress hormones such as cortisol. At this stage, any fatigue is mild and the body can cope pretty well with this in the shorter term.

No major changes are noticeable except some minor increased tiredness in the morning or mid-afternoon, normal function would occur. Often in this stage people are reaching for stimulants such as coffee for a “pick me up” or “kick start” to help get through the day. Blood sugars may start to deregulate in this stage also.

Stage 2 – Body Resistance

After prolonged or chronic stress, the adrenal glands begin to suffer from all the overstimulation and can’t keep up with the excessive cortisol production. As the tiredness increases, other symptoms begin to be noticeable such as insomnia, anxiety, excessive morning tiredness, irritability etc. Recurrent infections, PMS and hypothyroidism related symptoms can also appear such as weight gain, cold hands and feet, low mood, reduced libido etc.

Often during this stage is when people will visit their doctor for the first time usually to receive no convincing answer from blood tests results or are prescribed anti-depressants to improve their mood. People rely further on stimulants like coffee to help get through the day the best they can. Addressing the root cause of your adrenal gland and / or thyroid issue is key here to prevent further progressing of the dysfunction and reverse the cascade of events.

Stage 3 – Adrenal exhaustion

Stage three shows that the body’s main aim is to slow down and conserve energy. The adrenal glands cannot keep up for the demand for cortisol and chronic disease begins to manifest. Hormone precursors are robbed by the body through a process known as pregnenolone steal to further keep up with the supply for cortisol, wreaking havoc on your body.

A whole range of symptoms further develop with widely fluctuating blood sugar, anxiety, cravings, brain fog, reduced sex drive, energy crashes and now the inability to be able to successfully cope with the daily demands and stressors of life. Additional naps throughout the day or exhaustion at the end of the day is common in this stage. Isolating from friends and family and leisure activities because you don’t have the energy, motivation or the right mood to do this is also typical. A marked progression of symptoms from stage two that has slowly started to interfere and disrupt your life.

Stage 4 – Adrenal Failure      

This is the extreme end of adrenal fatigue when the adrenal glands are wiped out and cannot cope with the cortisol demands of the body. This stage is similar to Addison’s disease, a dangerous auto immune condition that attacks the adrenal glands causing very low insufficient cortisol output, the body can fall into an adrenal crisis in this stage that is life threatening.

Symptoms of an adrenal crisis include pain in lower back, abdomen or legs, severe vomiting and diarrhoea, very low blood pressure, a loss of consciousness and electrolyte imbalance. If these symptoms have a sudden onset, particularly after a stressful or traumatic event, seek emergency help.

Signs and Symptoms of Adrenal Fatigue

• Difficulty getting up in the morning
• Salt cravings
• General lethargy
• Increased effort / struggle to complete the daily chores / work day
• Difficulty losing weight
• Lowered sex drive
• Inability to handle stress
• Continuing fatigue not relieved by sleep
• Chronic bronchitis or other chronic infection or virus
• Dizziness from standing up quickly
• Brain fog
• Less joy from daily interactions
• Mild depression
• Increased irritability and a low tolerance with others

A questionnaire to help assess is you may be suffering from Adrenal Fatigue can be found here. Another way to help confirm adrenal fatigue is to have a saliva hormone test. This is particularly helpful with an inconclusive symptom sheet assessment or intermittent symptoms of fatigue. A salivary cortisol test will measure cortisol levels at different times throughout the day including in times of fatigue to assess the impact the cortisol level is contributing to the symptoms, therefore either confirming or otherwise the presence of an adrenal component relating to the presenting symptoms.

Tips to overcome Adrenal Fatigue

So, I’m suffering from some of the symptoms listed above and suspect Adrenal Fatigue, what should I do?

Working with a qualified practitioner that has a solid understanding of this condition is always advisable as this is a long term chronic condition that will require guidance over a period of time.

Below are some tips and protocols we recommend to clients that you can start with straight away before seeing a practitioner that will help tremendously.

1. Lifestyle modification – understanding what is currently in your life is crucial here and ascertaining whether each aspect is either good or bad for you. Creating a list to work out what you should do more of and things you should look to avoid and try to discontinue is a great start.

Things to look at include toxic friendships/relationships, changing or removing stressful situations or the way you are accustomed to reacting to them, increasing quiet time, mediation, reorganising your schedule, asking a friend or partner for help in some way to assist you to achieve more balance. This could be as simple as having the kids watched for an hour or two while you go to a yoga class.

2. Breathing techniques – assess your general breathing pattern. Are you breathing form the abdomen? Many people have faulty breathing patterns and are sub-consciously contributing to their stress levels, and a range of other negative effects, through incorrect breathing.

To focus on belly breathing, lay down and place your hands on your naval area, breathe into your belly with the first two thirds of the breath raising your belly and the final third following to expand your chest. This is the natural way we should breathe all the time and the way babies breathe. We can retrain ourselves to breathe once again like this, by practicing in a quiet area for 10 minutes each day it will assist retraining your breathing pattern, also try to be conscious at other times throughout the day to belly breathe.

This quiet 10 minutes focussing on breathing each day will go a long way to reducing your stress levels.

3. Sleep – A key area of your overall health and one you need to address with adrenal fatigue. Many people suffering adrenal fatigue have insomnia or wake in the night and cannot get back to sleep. Practicing good sleep hygiene can go a long way to helping to normalise sleep patterns.

Getting to bed by 10 – 10:30pm each night is one of the most important aspects, it ensures you are resting at the right times to maximise repair and helps to get the required 8 or so hours rest per night. Resetting your body clock can take time, getting out of bed in the morning at a suitable hour and getting sunlight to yours eyes is a great way to help reset your body clock.

Avoiding artificial lights from tv and phones at least an hour before bed is another way to assist with the unwinding process. Studies show the blue light emitted from such devices as your smartphone mimic daylight to the receptors in your brain contributing to disrupted sleep patterns.

A cause of waking in the night can often be attributed to low blood sugar levels, a small protein snack before bed can help.

Other tips such as using lavender on your pillow at night and avoiding stimulants such as coffee after lunch also help.

More information on sleep hygiene can be found on the Naturopath Life website under lifestyle. For many cases, in addition to the above basics, we commonly prescribe herbs and various trace minerals to address specific imbalances and normalise sleep.

4. Fun and laughter – A great way to de-stress and one area than many of us can get distracted from. Taking the time out to have a joke with a friend, watch a funny movie, laugh at a joke, do a silly dance or something that will make you laugh is great for your adrenals.

Laughing reducing your stress response, increases endorphins and has long lasting effects.

5. Exercise – We all require exercise, when suffering from adrenal fatigue it can be hard to incorporate and sometimes the last thing we want to do. There are various forms of exercise you can incorporate to suit the level you are currently at. Once progress is being made you will likely be able to increase your exercise commitment.

Anything from walking, dancing, weights, yoga, Pilates, swimming and riding a bike are all great forms of exercise. You can go at your own pace, the key is to just get moving. Exercise helps remove toxins, improves circulation, releases endorphins and helps normalise blood sugars and other hormone levels including cortisol.

Exercise is one area that should not be avoided.

6. Diet – A crucial area of anyone’s life and of great importance with adrenal fatigue. Eating a quality diet and eating often enough is vital to stabilising fluctuating blood sugar levels that are commonly experienced in adrenal fatigue sufferers. When cortisol levels are low during adrenal fatigue, blood sugar levels are hard to maintain and further stress the adrenal glands.

Stimulants such as coffee, high sugar foods, processed grains, cow’s milk, hydrogenated oils, alcohol, low fat option products, white sugar and white bread, cool drink and fast food all spike blood sugar levels and cause blood sugar crashes negatively effecting cortisol.

Allergy foods also affect our adrenal function, keeping a food and symptom diary is crucial in identifying offending foods, the most common food allergies are gluten containing grains, dairy and soy. If you think you may be reacting to a food, eliminate it completely for a minimum of three weeks and then test the food by consuming it again taking note for any adverse reaction such as increased fatigue, pains, bloating, diarrhoea, mood changes etc.

As your adrenals heal, it is likely you will be less reactive to certain foods. We commonly use gut repair protocols with our adrenal fatigue clients.

Diet wise, you should be aiming for a quality whole food diet consisting of adequate protein, quality fats from sources such as olive oil and oily fish, raw nuts and seeds and a wide variety of vegetables and some fruit. Each meal and snack should be balanced to include protein, carbohydrate and fat. For instance, snacking on a piece of fruit would be better with a small handful of walnuts or almonds to provide protein and fat with the carbohydrate from the fruit.

Some chia seeds, yoghurt or an egg in your morning smoothie are added examples that can provide the required fat and protein in your breakfast smoothie. Having a snack in between main meals and before bed can help stabilise blood sugar levels throughout the day.

7. Nutrients – The adrenal glands like the rest of your body require a balanced and adequate supply of vitamins and minerals. When our body is out of balance we often require supplementation to rebalance in a quicker and more efficient manner. Many of our adrenal fatigue clients are given herbs and supplements to realign and support their body through the recovery phase.

Supplements such as vitamin C, B vitamins, Magnesium and a number of trace minerals are required to support the adrenal function. In addition, herbs such as licorice, withania, ginseng, gingko, rhodiola and rehmannia are all great herbs that are often prescribed.

 

Recovery from Adrenal Fatigue can be a long road if the key fundamental areas are not addressed. Working on each of the above areas will lay a solid foundation that you can work from in restoring your adrenal health and increasing your energy output.

Probiotic Benefits & Gut health…Should you be taking them

Should you be taking Probiotics?  

There is a lot of information around presently on probiotic benefits and their impact on gut health.

So, what’s all the fuss about…

Are they really that beneficial and can they improve my health if I’m already feeling reasonably well?

Can they cure gastrointestinal symptoms or other totally non related symptoms I may be experiencing?

The short answer to the two above questions is a resounding……………YES

 

Probiotics can really improve your overall health and also relieve and target a very wide range of symptoms and conditions, not just symptoms related to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) either.  Many of studies have focussed on GIT symptom relief such as constipation, diarrhoea, bloating and cramping but there is also much evidence from the use of probiotics benefiting for other disease states.

The old saying “All disease begins in the Gut” cited by Hippocrates centuries ago was a very insightful quote and the more research that goes into this area the more true this statement is becoming.

There are over 100 trillion bacteria present in and on out body at any given time, when compared to the 10 trillion cells of our body, that is a lot of bacteria.  Most of them are good bacteria with around 90% of them residing in our gastrointestinal tract, which is often termed the “Gut” when people talk about healing the gut collectively.

A number of studies and clinical evidence that show the resounding effect using probiotics and rebalancing the microbiota of the gut can have on a person’s overall health.

Key areas that probiotics can help

• IBS symptoms – Constipation, diarrhoea, cramping, bloating
• Skin issues – eczema, psoriasis, dryness
• Auto immune disorders – Hashimoto’s, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease
• Mood disorders – depression, anxiety
• Energy production – Fatigue / lethargy
• Musculoskeletal – aches and pains, joint issues
• Respiratory – Asthma, sinusitis
• Immune defence and many more

Probiotic supplementation aside, the best way to influence good and diverse range of gut bacteria is to eat a healthy well balanced whole food diet.  This would consist of generous amounts of vegetables, fruit, protein sources, quality fats and minimal to no refined foods.

Eating processed foods and foods with added sugar, alcohol, environmental toxins, pesticides and a range of other chemicals we are exposed to on a daily basis all influence our microbiome balance and harm our good bacteria.  Often, a way to jumpstart a shift toward a more healthy set of gut bacteria is to use a high strength probiotic supplement.

So what probiotics are best to take?  There are so many different strains, some must be kept in the fridge, others are heat stable and prices vary dramatically.

I have developed a 4 page guide to choosing the right probiotic supplement for you and your family.  It includes an explanation of some of the different probiotic strains, beneficial uses and specific Australian brand supplements that I commonly prescribe in clinic and see favourable results with.

To have the Probiotic Supplement Guide emailed directly to your inbox now, please fill in your name and email address below.

Treat The Root Cause Of Your Thyroid Disorder And Get Your Life Back